{"id":385062,"date":"2024-10-20T03:28:54","date_gmt":"2024-10-20T03:28:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/bs-en-60079-282015-2\/"},"modified":"2024-10-26T06:18:39","modified_gmt":"2024-10-26T06:18:39","slug":"bs-en-60079-282015-2","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/bsi\/bs-en-60079-282015-2\/","title":{"rendered":"BS EN 60079-28:2015"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>This part of <span class=\"std\"> <span class=\"std-ref\">IEC&nbsp;60079<\/span> <\/span> specifies the requirements, testing and marking of equipment emitting optical radiation intended for use in explosive atmospheres. It also covers equipment located outside the explosive atmosphere or protected by a Type of Protection listed in <span class=\"std\"> <span class=\"std-ref\">IEC&nbsp;60079\u20110<\/span> <\/span>, but which generates optical radiation that is intended to enter an explosive atmosphere. It covers Groups I, II and III, and EPLs Ga, Gb, Gc, Da, Db, Dc, Ma and Mb.<\/p>\n<p>This standard contains requirements for optical radiation in the wavelength range from 380&nbsp;nm to 10&nbsp;\u00b5m. It covers the following ignition mechanisms:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Optical radiation is absorbed by surfaces or particles, causing them to heat up, and under certain circumstances this may allow them to attain a temperature which will ignite a surrounding explosive atmosphere.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>In rare special cases, direct laser induced breakdown of the gas at the focus of a strong beam, producing plasma and a shock wave both eventually acting as ignition source. These processes can be supported by a solid material close to the breakdown point.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"non-normative-note\">\n<div class=\"note-label\">\n  NOTE&nbsp;1\n <\/div>\n<p>See&nbsp;a) and d) of the introduction.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>This standard does not cover ignition by ultraviolet radiation and by absorption of the radiation in the explosive mixture itself. Explosive absorbers or absorbers that contain their own oxidizer as well as catalytic absorbers are also outside the scope of this standard.<\/p>\n<p>This standard specifies requirements for equipment intended for use under atmospheric conditions.<\/p>\n<p>This standard supplements and modifies the general requirements of <span class=\"std\"> <span class=\"std-ref\">IEC&nbsp;60079\u20110<\/span> <\/span>. Where a requirement of this standard conflicts with a requirement of <span class=\"std\"> <span class=\"std-ref\">IEC&nbsp;60079\u20110<\/span> <\/span>, the requirement of this standard takes precedence.<\/p>\n<p>This standard applies to optical fibre equipment and optical equipment, including LED and laser equipment, with the exception of the equipment detailed below:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>Non-array divergent LEDs used for example to show equipment status or backlight function.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>All luminaires (fixed, portable or transportable), hand lights and caplights; intended to be supplied by mains (with or without galvanic isolation) or powered by batteries:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>with continuous divergent light sources (for all EPLs),<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>with LED light sources (for EPL Gc or Dc only).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"non-normative-note\">\n<div class=\"note-label\">\n    NOTE&nbsp;2\n   <\/div>\n<p>Continuous divergent LED light sources for other than EPL Gc or Dc are not excluded from the standard due to the uncertainty of potential ignition concerns regarding high irradiance.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Optical radiation sources for EPL Mb, Gb or Gc and Db or Dc applications which comply with Class 1 limits in accordance with <span class=\"std\"> <span class=\"std-ref\">IEC&nbsp;60825\u20111<\/span> <\/span>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"non-normative-note\">\n<div class=\"note-label\">\n    NOTE&nbsp;3\n   <\/div>\n<p>The referenced Class 1 limits are those that involve emission limits below 15&nbsp;mW measured at a distance from the optical radiation source in accordance with <span class=\"std\"> <span class=\"std-ref\">IEC&nbsp;60825\u20111<\/span> <\/span>, with this measured distance reflected in the Ex application.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Single or multiple optical fibre cables not part of optical fibre equipment if the cables:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>comply with the relevant industrial standards, along with additional protective means, e.g. robust cabling, conduit or raceway (for EPL Gb, Db, Mb, Gc or Dc),<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>comply with the relevant industrial standards (for EPL Gc or Dc).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Enclosed equipment involving an enclosure that fully contains the optical radiation and that complies with a suitable type of protection as required by the involved EPL, with the enclosure complying with one of the following conditions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>An enclosure for which an ignition due to optical radiation in combination with absorbers inside the enclosure would be acceptable such as flameproof &#8220;d&#8221; enclosures ( <span class=\"std\"> <span class=\"std-ref\">IEC&nbsp;60079\u20111<\/span> <\/span>), or<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>An enclosure for which protection regarding ingress of an explosive gas atmosphere is provided, such as pressurized &#8220;p&#8221; enclosures ( <span class=\"std\"> <span class=\"std-ref\">IEC&nbsp;60079\u20112<\/span> <\/span>), restricted breathing \u201cnR\u201d enclosure ( <span class=\"std\"> <span class=\"std-ref\">IEC&nbsp;60079\u201115<\/span> <\/span>), or<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>An enclosure for which protection regarding ingress of an explosive dust atmosphere is provided, such as dust protection &#8220;t&#8221; enclosures&#8221; ( <span class=\"std\"> <span class=\"std-ref\">IEC&nbsp;60079\u201131<\/span> <\/span>), or<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>An enclosure for which protection regarding ingress of absorbers is provided (such as IP 6X enclosures) and where no internal absorbers are to be expected.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"non-normative-note\">\n<div class=\"note-label\">\n  NOTE&nbsp;4\n <\/div>\n<p>For these scope exclusions based on enclosure constructions, it is anticipated that the enclosures are not opened in the explosive atmosphere, so that ingress is protected.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h4>PDF Catalog<\/h4>\n<table border=\"1px\" class=\"des-table\">\n<tr>\n<th>PDF Pages<\/th>\n<th>PDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>7<b><\/td>\n<td>English  <br \/> CONTENTS  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>9<b><\/td>\n<td>FOREWORD  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>13<b><\/td>\n<td>INTRODUCTION  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>14<b><\/td>\n<td>1 Scope  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>15<b><\/td>\n<td>2 Normative references <br \/> 3 Terms and definitions  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>18<b><\/td>\n<td>4 General requirements <br \/> 5 Types of protection <br \/> 5.1 General <br \/> Tables  <br \/> Table 1 \u2013 EPLs achieved by application of types of protection for optical systems  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>19<b><\/td>\n<td>5.2 Requirements for inherently safe optical radiation \u201cop is\u201d <br \/> 5.2.1 General <br \/> 5.2.2 Continuous wave radiation  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>20<b><\/td>\n<td>Table 2 \u2013 Safe optical power and irradiance for Group I and II equipment, categorized by Equipment Group and temperature class <br \/> Table 3 \u2013 Safe optical power and irradiance for Group III equipment  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>21<b><\/td>\n<td>Table 4 \u2013 Safe limit values for intermediate area, Group I or II, constant power, T1 \u2013 T4 atmospheres, equipment Groups IIA, IIB or IIC (Data derived from Figure B.1 including a safety factor)   <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>23<b><\/td>\n<td>5.2.3 Pulsed radiation  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>24<b><\/td>\n<td>5.2.4 Ignition tests <br \/> 5.2.5 Over-power\/energy fault protection  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>25<b><\/td>\n<td>5.3 Requirements for protected optical radiation \u201cop pr\u201d <br \/> 5.3.1 General <br \/> 5.3.2 Radiation inside optical fibre or cable  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>26<b><\/td>\n<td>5.3.3 Radiation inside enclosures <br \/> 5.4 Optical system with interlock \u201cop sh\u201d  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>27<b><\/td>\n<td>6 Type verifications and tests <br \/> 6.1 Test set-up for ignition tests  <br \/> 6.1.1 General  <br \/> 6.1.2 Test vessel <br \/> Figures  <br \/> Figure 1 \u2013 Optical ignition delay times and safe boundary curve with safety factor of 2  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>28<b><\/td>\n<td>6.1.3 Criteria to determine ignition <br \/> 6.2 Verification of suitability of test set-up for type tests <br \/> 6.2.1 Reference gas <br \/> 6.2.2 Reference absorber <br \/> 6.2.3 Reference test for continuous wave radiation and pulses above 1 s duration <br \/> 6.2.4 Reference test for pulsed radiation below 1\u00a0ms pulse duration  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>29<b><\/td>\n<td>6.3 Type tests <br \/> 6.3.1 Ignition tests with continuous wave radiation and pulses above 1 s duration <br \/> 6.3.2 Ignition tests with single pulses less than 1 ms duration  <br \/> 6.3.3 Tests for pulse trains and pulses from 1\u00a0ms to 1\u00a0s duration <br \/> 6.3.4 Absorber targets for type tests  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>30<b><\/td>\n<td>6.3.5 Test acceptance criteria and safety factors <br \/> 7 Marking  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>32<b><\/td>\n<td>Annex A (informative) Reference test data <br \/> Table A.1 \u2013 Reference values for ignition tests with a mixture of propane in air at 40 \u00b0C mixture temperature  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>33<b><\/td>\n<td>Annex B (informative) Ignition mechanisms  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>35<b><\/td>\n<td>Table B.1 \u2013 AIT (auto ignition temperature), MESG<br \/>\n(maximum experimental safe gap) and measured ignition powers<br \/>\nof the chosen combustibles for inert absorbers as the target<br \/>\nmaterial (\u03b11 064 nm=83 %, \u03b1805 nm=93)3  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>36<b><\/td>\n<td>Figure B.1 \u2013 Figure B.1 \u2013 Minimum radiant igniting power with inert absorber target<br \/>\n(\u03b11064 nm=83 %, \u03b1805 nm=93 %) and continuous wave-radiation of 1064 nm  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>37<b><\/td>\n<td>Figure B.2 \u2013 Minimum radiant igniting power with inert absorber target<br \/>\n(\u03b11 064 nm=83 %, \u03b1805 nm=93 %) and continuous wave-radiation<br \/>\n(PTB: 1064 nm, HSL: 805 nm, [8]: 803 nm) for some n-alkanes <br \/> Table B.2 \u2013 Comparison of measured minimum igniting optical pulse energy<br \/>\n(Qe,p<br \/>\ni,min) at 90 \u03bcm beam diameter with auto ignition temperatures (AIT) and minimum<br \/>\nignition energies (MIE) from literature [9] at concentrations in percent by volume (\u03d5)  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>38<b><\/td>\n<td>Annex C (normative) Ignition hazard assessment <br \/> Figure C.1 \u2013 Ignition hazard assessment  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>40<b><\/td>\n<td>Annex D (informative) Typical optical fibre cable design <br \/> Figure D.1 \u2013 Example Multi-Fibre Optical Cable Design For Heavy Duty Applications <br \/> Figure D.2 \u2013 Typical Single Optical Fibre Cable Design  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>41<b><\/td>\n<td>Annex E (normative) Flow diagram for the assessment of pulses <br \/> Figure E.1 \u2013 Flow diagram for the assessment of pulses according to 5.2.3  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>42<b><\/td>\n<td>Bibliography  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><b>Explosive atmospheres &#8211; Protection of equipment and transmission systems using optical radiation<\/b><\/p>\n<table class=\"shortdes-table\" style=\"width: 100%\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Published By<\/td>\n<td>Publication Date<\/td>\n<td>Number of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product-category\/publishers\/bsi\/\"><b>BSI<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n<td>2015<\/td>\n<td>46<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":385072,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[551,2641],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-385062","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-29-260-20","7":"product_cat-bsi","9":"first","10":"instock","11":"sold-individually","12":"shipping-taxable","13":"purchasable","14":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/385062","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/385072"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=385062"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=385062"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=385062"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}