IEC 60567:2011 deals with the techniques for sampling free gases from gas-collecting relays from power transformers. Three methods of sampling free gases are described. The techniques described take account, on the one hand, of the problems peculiar to analyses associated with acceptance testing in the factory, where gas contents of oil are generally very low and, on the other hand, of the problems imposed by monitoring equipment in the field, where transport of samples may be by un-pressurized air freight and where considerable differences in ambient temperature may exist between the plant and the examining laboratory. Since the publication of the previous edition, CIGRE TF.D1.01.15 has made progress in several areas of dissolved gas analysis (DGA). These advances are included in this fourth edition.<\/p>\n
| PDF Pages<\/th>\n | PDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6<\/td>\n | English \n CONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 9<\/td>\n | INTRODUCTION <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 11<\/td>\n | 1 Scope 2 Normative references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 12<\/td>\n | 3 Sampling of gases from gas-collecting (Buchholz) relays 3.1 General remarks 3.2 Sampling of free gases by syringe <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 13<\/td>\n | Figures \n Figure 1 \u2013 Sampling of gas by syringe <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 14<\/td>\n | 3.3 Sampling of free gases by displacement of oil Figure 2 \u2013 Sampling of free gases by oil displacement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 15<\/td>\n | 3.4 Sampling of free gases by vacuum Figure 3 \u2013 Sampling of free gases by vacuum <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 16<\/td>\n | 3.5 Sampling of oil from oil filled equipment 4 Labelling of gas samples 5 Sampling, labelling and transferring of oil from oil-filled equipment 5.1 Sampling and labelling of oil 5.2 Transfer of oil for DGA analysis Tables \n Table 1 \u2013 Information required for gas samples <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 17<\/td>\n | 6 Preparation of gas-in-oil standards 6.1 General remark 6.2 First method: preparation of a large volume of gas-in-oil standard <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 19<\/td>\n | Figure 4 \u2013 First method of preparing gas-in-oil standards Bibliographie <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 20<\/td>\n | 6.3 Second method: preparation of gas-in-oil standards in a syringe or a vial <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 21<\/td>\n | Figure 5 \u2013 Second method for preparing gas-in-oil standards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 22<\/td>\n | 7 Extraction of gases from oil 7.1 General remarks <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 23<\/td>\n | 7.2 Multi-cycle vacuum extraction using Toepler pump apparatus <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 25<\/td>\n | Figure 6 \u2013 Example of a Toepler pump extraction apparatus <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 27<\/td>\n | 7.3 Vacuum extraction by\u00a0partial degassing method <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 28<\/td>\n | 7.4 Stripping extraction method <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 29<\/td>\n | Figure 7 \u2013 Types of glass strippers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 30<\/td>\n | Figure 8 \u2013 Stainless steel stripper <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 31<\/td>\n | Figure 9 \u2013 Schematic arrangement for connecting an oil stripper to a gas chromatograph <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 32<\/td>\n | 7.5 Headspace method Figure 10 \u2013 Schematic representation of headspace sampler <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 34<\/td>\n | Figure 11 \u2013 Vial filled with water <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 36<\/td>\n | Figure 12 \u2013 Revolving table <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 37<\/td>\n | Table 2 \u2013 Examples of headspace operating conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 42<\/td>\n | Table 3 \u2013 Headspace partition coefficients at 70\u00a0\u00b0C in mineral insulating oil <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 43<\/td>\n | 8 Gas analysis by gas-solid chromatography 8.1 General remarks Table 4 \u2013 Examples of gas chromatographic operating conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 44<\/td>\n | 8.2 Outline of suitable methods using Table 4 8.3 Apparatus <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 45<\/td>\n | Figure 13 \u2013 Schematic arrangement for gas chromatography 8 Analyse des gaz par chromatographie gaz-solide 8.1 Remarques g\u00e9n\u00e9rales Tableau 3 \u2013 Coefficients de partage de l\u2019espace de t\u00eate \u00e0 70\u00a0\u00b0C dans les huiles min\u00e9rales isolantes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 47<\/td>\n | 8.4 Preparation of apparatus 8.5 Analysis 8.6 Calibration of the chromatograph <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 48<\/td>\n | 8.7 Calculations 9 Quality control 9.1 Verification of the entire analytical system <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 49<\/td>\n | 9.2 Limits of detection and quantification 9.3 Repeatability, reproducibility and accuracy Table 5 \u2013 Required limits of detection in oil <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 50<\/td>\n | Figure 12 \u2013 Table rotative <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 51<\/td>\n | 10 Report of results Table 6 \u2013 Examples of accuracy of extraction methods <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 53<\/td>\n | Annex A (informative) \nCorrection for incomplete gas extractionin partial degassing method by calculation Table A.1 \u2013 Examples of solubility coefficients ai (at 25 \u00baC)reported by CIGRE TF D1.01.15 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 55<\/td>\n | Annex B (informative) \nMercury-free and shake test versions of the standard extraction methods <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 56<\/td>\n | Figure B.1 \u2013 Schematic representation of methods in Annex B <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 57<\/td>\n | Annex C (informative) \nPreparation of air-saturated standards Table C.1 \u2013 Examples of solubility values of air for different oil types Table C.2 \u2013 Examples of temperature variations for oxygenand nitrogen solubility in mineral oil 7.3 Extraction sous vide par la m\u00e9thode de d\u00e9gazage partiel <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 58<\/td>\n | Annex D (informative) \nCorrection for gas bubbles in syringes and air gap in rigid bottles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 59<\/td>\n | Annex E (informative) \nProcedure for comparing gas monitor readings to laboratory results <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 60<\/td>\n | Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Oil-filled electrical equipment. Sampling of gases and analysis of free and dissolved gases. Guidance<\/b><\/p>\n |