{"id":223759,"date":"2024-10-19T14:32:02","date_gmt":"2024-10-19T14:32:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/bs-8100-41995\/"},"modified":"2024-10-25T08:15:42","modified_gmt":"2024-10-25T08:15:42","slug":"bs-8100-41995","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/bsi\/bs-8100-41995\/","title":{"rendered":"BS 8100-4:1995"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gives recommendations for procedures to be used to determine the loading for the design and appraisal of guyed masts of lattice construction.<\/p>\n

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PDF Pages<\/th>\nPDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nBRITISH STANDARD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nCommittees responsible for this British Standard <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nContents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\nGeneral
Scope
References
Definitions
wind resistance
linear ancillary item
discrete ancillary item
projected area
panel <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\nsection
characteristic strength
design strength
Symbols
Main symbols <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\nSubscripts <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\nPerformance
Safety and service life
General
Service life
Classification of required reliability
General
Environmental conditions
Economic consequences or usage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12<\/td>\nClassifications of quality
General
Class A masts
Class B masts
Class C masts <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13<\/td>\nAppraisal of existing masts
Reappraisal following significant loading changes
Safety factors
Wind speed and ice thickness factors
Dead load and partial factors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14<\/td>\nPartial safety factors on wind speed, ice thickness, dead load and design strength <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15<\/td>\nSafety assessment
Serviceability
Information to be provided by specifiers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
17<\/td>\nMeteorological parameters
Wind speed data
General
Basic wind speed
Site wind speed
Altitude factor <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
18<\/td>\nDirection factor
Values of Sd for the United Kingdom
Seasonal factor
Terrain categories <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
20<\/td>\nBasic hourly mean wind speeds <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21<\/td>\nEffective wind speed
General
Sites in country terrain: terrain factor S
Sites in town terrain: terrain factor S <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22<\/td>\nTopography factor
Serviceability <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
23<\/td>\nFetch factor S <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24<\/td>\nFetch adjustment factor T <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25<\/td>\nFatigue life assessment
In-line vibrations
Crosswind vibrations
Ice loading
General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
26<\/td>\nBasic ice thickness <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27<\/td>\nReference ice thickness
Ice weight <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28<\/td>\nIce thickness r <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
29<\/td>\nWind resistance
General
Method of derivation
Constraints on the method
Calculation of total wind resistance
Wind resistance of mast structure
General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30<\/td>\nOverall normal drag (pressure) coefficients
Linear ancillaries <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31<\/td>\nDiscrete ancillaries
Guys
Icing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
32<\/td>\nProjected panel area used to calculate the solidity ratio \u0152 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
33<\/td>\nWind incidence factor <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
34<\/td>\nOverall normal drag (pressure) coefficients C <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35<\/td>\nTypical normal drag (pressure) coefficients for individual components
Reduction factor K <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37<\/td>\nStructural response to wind
Procedure
General
Criteria for use of static methods <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
38<\/td>\nEquivalent static methods
Spectral analytical method
Deflections
Vortex-excited vibrations
Guy vibrations
Static gust response procedure for masts up to 150 m high
General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39<\/td>\nMean load effects
Fluctuating load effects <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40<\/td>\nGust response factor for mast column
Gust response factors for mast guys
Total load effects <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
41<\/td>\nLoading for calculating deflections
Static gust response procedure: general
General
Load cases to be considered <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
43<\/td>\nLoading for calculating deflections
Wind loading for unsymmetrical masts or masts with complex attachments
Spectral analytical method
Crosswind response due to vortex excitation
Critical wind speed <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
44<\/td>\nExcitation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
45<\/td>\nDerivation of fluctuating bending moment diagrams <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
46<\/td>\nBasic gust response factor <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
47<\/td>\nLength factor K <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
48<\/td>\nProjected length of guy <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
49<\/td>\nGuy or cable height factor <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
50<\/td>\nDerivation of total load effects for the procedure given in 5.2 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
51<\/td>\nApplication of patch loads
Turbulence intensity <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
52<\/td>\nTurbulence factor K <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
53<\/td>\nFactor K <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
54<\/td>\nApplication of patch loading” <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
55<\/td>\n“Excitation coefficient k <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
56<\/td>\n(informative) Method of assessment for classification of quality
(informative) Method of assessment for classification of quality
Reliability of a mast
Quality assessment
Assessment of quality rating
Determination of quality classification <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
57<\/td>\n(normative) Deflections and fatigue
(normative) Deflections and fatigue
Downwind deflections
Crosswind deflections (vortex shedding) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
58<\/td>\nHours per year in which the hourly mean wind speed exceeds the serviceability limit <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
59<\/td>\nWind speed duration factor <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
60<\/td>\nExpected average annual occurrence of mean wind speeds as a function of direction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
61<\/td>\n(informative) Derivation of extreme wind information: and S
(informative) Derivation of extreme wind information: and S <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
62<\/td>\n(informative) Gradient wind speeds
(informative) Gradient wind speeds
General
Gradient wind speeds
Effective wind speed <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
63<\/td>\nHourly mean gradient wind speed for the United Kingdom <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
64<\/td>\nGradient wind speed reduction factor K
(informative) Seasonal factor S
(informative) Seasonal factor S
Values of S <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
65<\/td>\n(informative) Terrain categories
(informative) Terrain categories
General
Variation of fetch <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
66<\/td>\nTypical town site
(informative) Effective height
(informative) Effective height <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
67<\/td>\nEffective heights in towns
(normative) Topography factors
(normative) Topography factors
General
Topography factor <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
68<\/td>\nValues of L <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
69<\/td>\nDefinition of topographic dimensions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
70<\/td>\nTopographic location factor s for hills and ridges <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
71<\/td>\nTopographic location factor s for cliffs and escarpments <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
72<\/td>\n(informative) Hill parameters in undulating terrain
(informative) Hill parameters in undulating terrain
Hill parameters in undulating terrain <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
73<\/td>\nHill parameters in undulating terrain <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
74<\/td>\n(normative) General method for determination of wind resistance
(normative) General method for determination of wind resistance
Calculation of total wind resistance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
75<\/td>\nNormal drag (pressure) coefficients for single frames <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
76<\/td>\nShielding factor \u00bdf for single frames composed of flat-sided members <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
77<\/td>\nNormal drag (pressure) coefficient C <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
78<\/td>\n(normative) Equations used for the production of the curves in the figures
(normative) Equations used for the production of the curves in the figures
General
Symbols
Meteorological parameters in Figure 3 and Figure 4
Wind resistance
Figure 7: wind incidence factor, <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
79<\/td>\nFigure 8: overall normal drag (pressure) coefficients C
Structural response to wind
General
Figure 15
General method for wind resistance
Figure K.1: shielding factor, \u00bd
Figure K.2: normal drag (pressure) coefficient C <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
80<\/td>\n(normative) Parameters for spectral analytical methods
(normative) Parameters for spectral analytical methods
Spectral response
General
Total response
Mean response
Peak gust response
Resonant response
Wind parameters for resonant response calculation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
81<\/td>\nDamping
General
Structural damping
Aerodynamic damping <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
82<\/td>\nModal response
Logarithmic decrements of damping <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
83<\/td>\n(informative) Parameters \u00c6
(informative) Parameters \u00c6
General
Background scaling factor
Resonant magnification factor <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
84<\/td>\nTurbulent length scale factor
(normative) Loading for unsymmetric masts or masts with complex attachments
(normative) Loading for unsymmetric masts or masts with complex attachments
General
Steady state loads <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
85<\/td>\nFluctuating loads
Calculations of wind forces in mast members <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lattice towers and masts – Code of practice for loading of guyed masts<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Published By<\/td>\nPublication Date<\/td>\nNumber of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BSI<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n2005<\/td>\n88<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":223762,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[1244,2641],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-223759","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-91-080-10","7":"product_cat-bsi","9":"first","10":"instock","11":"sold-individually","12":"shipping-taxable","13":"purchasable","14":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/223759","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/223762"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=223759"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=223759"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=223759"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}