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BSI PD IEC TS 62607-6-1:2020

BSI PD IEC TS 62607-6-1:2020

$167.15

Nanomanufacturing. Key control characteristics – Graphene-based material. Volume resistivity: four probe method

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2020 36
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This part of IEC TS 62607 establishes a standardized method to determine the electrical key control characteristic

  • volume resistivity

    for powder consisting of graphene-based material like flakes of graphene, few layer graphene and/or reduced graphene oxide after preparation of a sample in pellet form by

  • four probe method

using powder resistivity measurement system.

The volume resistivity is a measure of the quality of powder-type graphene products in terms of electrical property and reflects the density-dependency shown in a pellet of powder-type graphene.

The volume conductivity can directly be derived from the volume resistivity.

Typical application areas are industries that use powder-type graphene products for graphene manufacture, potential developers, and users who produce graphene-based products. As the volume resistivity measured according to this document requires the preparation of a sample in the form of a pellet, this document describes in detail

  • an apparatus to prepare consistently a test sample, the pellet,

  • the preparation of the pellet starting from powder-type graphene,

  • the measurement procedure to measure the volume resistivity (or volume conductivity) of the pellet, and

  • the data analysis, the interpretation and reporting of the results.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
2 undefined
4 CONTENTS
6 FOREWORD
8 INTRODUCTION
9 1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
10 3.1 General terms
3.2 Key control characteristics
3.3 Terms related to measurements
12 4 Sample preparation
5 Measurement of volume resistivity of graphene pellet
5.1 Description of the measurement apparatus
13 Figures
Figure 1 – Measurement system
14 5.2 Determination of sample amount
5.3 The measurement procedures
6 Data analysis and interpretation of results
6.1 General
Tables
Table 1 – Minimum thickness of the pellet vs amount of the used sampleat the maximum applied pressure
15 6.2 Analysis of volume resistivity as a function of the applied pressures
6.3 Calculation of volume conductivity of a pellet
6.4 Analysis of volume resistivity (or volume conductivity) as a function of the volume density of graphene pellet
16 7 Report
17 Annex A (informative)Case studies
A.1 Graphene (reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and graphene nanopowder (GNP))
A.2 Morphology change of rGO flakes before and after pressurization
Figure A.1 – FE-SEM images of rGO flakes of (A) Company 1 (rGO-A),(B) Company 2 (rGO-B) and (C) graphene nanopowder (GNP)before (left) and after (right) pressurization
18 A.3 Raman spectroscopy measurement of graphene powder before and after pressurization up to 52 MPa
Figure A.2 – Raman spectra of (A) rGO-A, (B) rGO-B and (C) GNPbefore (black line) and after (red line) pressurization
Figure A.3 – Comparison data for ID/IG of rGO-A (short-dash line), rGO-B (solid line) and GNP (long-dash line) before and after pressurization
19 A.4 Results on powder resistivity measurements
A.4.1 Powder resistivity measurement of rGO-A (company 1) with various amounts
Table A.1 – An example of the measurement parameters for rGO-A (0,2 g)
20 Figure A.4 – Correlation plots of (A) thickness, (B) volume resistivity (ρv), and (C) volume conductivity (σv) as a function of the applied pressure: (1) 0,1 g and (2) 0,2 g of rGO-A
21 A.4.2 Powder resistivity measurement of 1,0 g of rGO-B (company 2)
Figure A.5 – Correlation plots of (A) volume resistivity (ρv) and (B) volumeconductivity (σv) as a function of the volume density (dv) of a graphene pellet: 0,1 g (filled symbol) and 0,2 g (unfilled symbol) of rGO-A
Figure A.6 – Correlation plots of (A) thickness (t), (B) volume resistivity (ρv), and (C) volume conductivity (σv) of rGO-B (1,0 g) as a function of the applied pressure
22 Figure A.7 – Correlation plots of (A) volume resistivity (ρv) and (B) volume conductivity (σv) of rGO-B (1,0 g) as a function of the volume density (dv) of the graphene pellet
Figure A.8 – Correlation plots of (A) volume resistivity (ρv) and (B) volume conductivity (σv) as a function of the volume density (dv)of graphene pellets: 0,1 g (filled symbol), 0,2 g (unfilled symbol) of rGO-A and 1,0 g (lined symbol) of rGO-B
23 Table A.2 – Volume resistivity and volume conductivity of rGO pellets
24 A.4.3 Powder resistivity measurement of GNP
Figure A.9 – Correlation plots of (A) thickness (t), (B) volume resistivity (ρv), and (C) volume conductivity (σv) as a function of the applied pressure: (1) 0,1 g and (2) 0,2 g of GNP
25 Figure A.10 – Correlation plots of (A) volume resistivity (ρv) and (B) volume conductivity (σv) as a function of the volume density (dv) of a graphene pellet: 0,1 g (filled symbol) and 0,2 g (unfilled symbol) of GNP
Figure A.11 – Comparison plots of (A) volume resistivity (ρv) and (B) volume conductivity (σv) as a function of the volume density (dv) of graphene pellets: rGO-A (filled symbol) and GNP (unfilled symbol)
Table A.3 – Volume resistivity and volume conductivity of GNP pellets
26 Figure A.12 – XPS survey spectra of as-received (A) rGO-A, (B) rGO-B and (C) GNP
Table A.4 – Summary of XPS data of three graphene samples in a powder form
27 Table A.5 – Volume resistivity (ρv) and volume conductivity (σv) of graphene pellets
28 A.4.4 Powder resistivity measurement of graphene oxides with different amounts of oxygen
Figure A.13 – Correlation plots of thickness (t) as a function of the applied pressure:0,3 g samples of four types of graphene oxide (G-a, G-b, G-c, and G-d)
29 Figure A.14 – Correlation plots of volume resistivity (ρv) as a function of the applied pressure: 0,3 g samples of four types of graphene oxide (G-a, G-b, G-c, and G-d)
30 Figure A.15 – Correlation plots of volume conductivity (σv) as a function of the applied pressure: 0,3 g samples of four types of graphene oxide (G-a, G-b, G-c, and G-d)
31 Figure A.16 – Correlation plots of volume resistivity (ρv) as a function of the volume density (dv) of graphene oxide pellet (G-a, G-b, G-c, and G-d)
32 Figure A.17 – Correlation plots of volume conductivity (σv) as a function of the volume density (dv) of graphene oxide pellet (G-a, G-b, G-c, and G-d)
Figure A.18 – Comparison plots of (A) volume resistivity (σv) and (B) volume conductivity (σv) as a function of the volume density (dv) of graphene oxide pellet (G‑a, G-b, G-c, and G-d)
33 Table A.6 – Volume resistivity (σv) and volume conductivity (σv) of four graphene oxide pellets
34 Bibliography
BSI PD IEC TS 62607-6-1:2020
$167.15